I-oyile ye-oyile iyadinwa ibe kufikelela kwiindawo ezingaphantsi komhlaba ukuze ikhuphe i-oyile yepetroleum ukuze isetyenziswe. I-top yeoyile ibhekiswe kwi-Wellhead, eyindawo apho iqula lifikelela khona umphezulu kunye neoyile zinokuphoswa. I-Wellhead ibandakanya izinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-cheng (i-lineng yequla), i-bloout yangaphambili (ukulawula ukuhamba kweoyile), kunye neumthi wekrisimusi(Inethiwekhi yee-valves kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba kweoyile ukusuka equleni).
Iumthi wekrisimusiInxalenye ebalulekileyo yeoyile kakuhle njengoko ilawula ukuhamba kweoyile evela equleni kwaye inceda ukugcina uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina. Ngokwesiqhelo yenziwa ngentsimbi kwaye kubandakanya i-valves, i-spools, kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba kweoyile, ihlengahlengise intlalontle. Umthi weKrisimesi ikwaxhotyiswa ngeempawu zokhuseleko, ezinje ngee valves ezingxamisekileyo, ezinokusetyenziselwa ukumisa uloyiso lweoyile kwimeko yongxamiseko. Umzekelo, umthi weKrisimesi we-Offshore kakuhle unokuyilwa ngokwahlukileyo ukusuka komnye umntu owenzelwe umhlaba. Ukongeza, umthi weKrisimesi unokuxhotyiswa ngetekhnoloji enjengeenkqubo ezizenzekelayo kunye neenkqubo zokubeka iliso ekude, ezivumela ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo.
Inkqubo yokuqhuba yeoyile ibandakanya amanqanaba aliqela, kubandakanya iqula, ukwalatha kunye nesamente, kunye nokwakha iziseko eziyimfuneko, ukuxhasa ukusebenza okusebenzayo.
Ukuqhuba iqula kubandakanya ukusebenzisa irig yokuqhuba ukuze ikhule emhlabeni kwaye ifikelele komoyikiso lweoli. I-rill bit iqhotyoshelwe ekupheleni komtya wedrill, ejikelezwe ukwenza umngxunya. Ukuqhuba ulwelo, okwabizwa ngokuba ngudaka, kusasazwa umtya we-drill kwaye ubuyise umbhobho wequla kunye nodonga lwequla) kwaye ugcine uxinzelelo lwequla. Ukushenxisa ngumbhobho wentsimbi obekwe kwi-quelbore ukuyibonisa kwaye uthintele ukuwa komngxunya. Isamente emva koko uphoswe kwi-ansulusis phakathi kwe-cheng kunye nequla lokuthintela ukuhamba kweembiza kunye negesi phakathi kolwakhiwo lwahlukileyo.
Inqanaba lokugqibela lokuqhuba ioyile kakuhle ligcwalisa kakuhle iqula, elibandakanya ukufaka izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zemveliso, njengomthi weKrisimesi, kunye nokudibanisa nequla kumaziko emveliso. Iqula lelungile ukuvelisa ioyile kunye negesi.
La ngamanyathelo asisiseko abandakanyekileyo ekuhlaleni ioyile kakuhle, kodwa le nkqubo inokuntsonkothileyo kwaye inobunkunkqele ngokuxhomekeka kwimiqathango ethile yendawo yokugcina amanzi kunye nequla.
Ngesishwankathelo, iumthi wekrisimusiInxalenye ebalulekileyo yeoyile entle kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhutshelweni nasekuhambiseni ioyile yepetroleum.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: FEB-07-2023